Class 10 Science · Chapter 4

Carbon and its Compounds

442 Class 10 Science questions on Carbon and its Compounds from the NCERT textbook, NCERT Exemplar and CBSE board papers 2017–2026, each with its answer and a step-by-step solution.

CBSE Class 10 Science previous year papers, with answers →

Questions · page 6 of 23

1. Q101 CBSE 2026
   Which ​of ​the following ​compounds does not ​undergo ​addition reaction ​?

   1. (a)${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_8$
   2. (b)${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_2$
   3. (c)${\text{C}}_5{\text{H}}_{10}$
   4. (d)${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8$
   Show answer

   (d) ${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8$

   Step-by-step solution →
2. Q102 CBSE 2026
   Which of ​the ​following compound is a member of ​homologous series ​of ​alkene ?

   1. (a)${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}$
   2. (b)${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_2$
   3. (c)${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_6$
   4. (d)${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_6$
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   (c) ${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_6$

   Step-by-step solution →
3. Q103 CBSE 2026
   In the ​compound ${\text{CH}}_3-\underset{\text{O}}{\underset{\Vert }{C}}-\text{OH}$, which ​of the following functional ​group is ​present ​?

   1. (a)Carboxylic acid
   2. (b)Alcohol
   3. (c)Aldehyde
   4. (d)Ketone
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   (a) Carboxylic acid

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4. Q104 CBSE 2026
   In the compound ${\text{CH}}_3-\underset{\underset{\text{O}}{\Vert }}{C}-\text{O}-{\text{CH}}_3$, which of the ​following ​functional ​group ​is present ?

   1. (a)Carboxylic acid
   2. (b)Ester
   3. (c)Ketone
   4. (d)Aldehyde
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   (b) Ester

   Step-by-step solution →
5. Q105 CBSE 2026
   Which of the ​following ​will not ​undergo ​addition ​reaction ​?

   1. (a)${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_8$
   2. (b)${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_2$
   3. (c)${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8$
   4. (d)${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_4$
   Show answer

   (c) ${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8$

   Step-by-step solution →
6. Q106 CBSE 2026
   The soap molecule has a :

   1. (a)Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
   2. (b)Hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail
   3. (c)Hydrophilic head and a hydrophilic tail
   4. (d)Hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail
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   (a) Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail

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7. Q107 CBSE 2026
   In the compound ${\text{CH}}_3-\stackrel{\stackrel{\text{O}}{\Vert }}{C}-{\text{CH}}_3$ ​which of ​the following ​functional ​group ​is ​present ​?

   1. (a)Alcohol
   2. (b)Aldehyde
   3. (c)Carboxylic acid
   4. (d)Ketone
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   (d) Ketone

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8. Q108 CBSE 2026
   Which of ​the ​following compounds ​is a ​member of ​homologous series of alkyne ​?

   1. (a)${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}$
   2. (b)${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8$
   3. (c)${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_4$
   4. (d)${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_4$
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   (d) ${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_4$

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9. Q109 CBSE 2026
   When ​ethanoic ​acid ​is treated ​with sodium hydrogen ​carbonate, the ​gas evolved is ​:

   1. (a)${\text{CO}}_2$
   2. (b)${\text{CH}}_4$
   3. (c)$\text{CO}$
   4. (d)${\text{H}}_2$
   Show answer

   (a) ${\text{CO}}_2$

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10. Q110 CBSE 2026
    Which of ​the ​following hydrocarbons ​will not ​undergo addition ​reactions ​?

    1. (a)Ethane
    2. (b)Ethene
    3. (c)Ethyne
    4. (d)Propene
    Show answer

    (a) Ethane

    Step-by-step solution →
11. Q111 CBSE 2026
    The property ​of ​carbon atoms by virtue of which ​they form bonds ​with other ​carbon ​atoms is ​called :

    1. (a)Chemical bonding
    2. (b)Polymerisation
    3. (c)Catenation
    4. (d)Carbonisation
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    (c) Catenation

    Step-by-step solution →
12. Q112 CBSE 2026
    The ​second member ​of alkyne ​homologous series ​is ​:

    1. (a)propene
    2. (b)ethyne
    3. (c)ethene
    4. (d)propyne
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    (d) propyne

    Step-by-step solution →
13. Q113 CBSE 2026
    The process ​used ​to convert ​vegetable oils ​to ​ghee (fats) is :

    1. (a)Saponification
    2. (b)Oxidation
    3. (c)Esterification
    4. (d)Hydrogenation
    Show answer

    (d) Hydrogenation

    Step-by-step solution →
14. Q114 CBSE 2026
    In the question, ​two statements are ​given ​– One labelled ​as Assertion ​(A) and other labelled as ​Reason (R). Write the correct answer selecting the appropriate option from (a), (b), ​(c) & (d) given ​below :

    Assertion (A): Pure ethanoic acid is also known as glacial acetic acid.

    Reason (R): Pure ethanoic acid often freezes during winter due to its low melting point of 290 K.

    1. (a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
    2. (b)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
    3. (c)Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
    4. (d)Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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    (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

    Step-by-step solution →
15. Q115 CBSE 2026
    Directions : For ​question number ​24, two statements ​are ​given, one ​labelled as ​Assertion (A) ​and ​the other is labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to this question from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below :

    Assertion (A): Carbon shares its valence electrons with other atoms of carbon or with atoms of other elements.

    Reason (R): The shared electrons belong to the outermost shells of both the atoms and lead to both atoms attaining the noble gas configuration.

    1. (a)Both, Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
    2. (b)Both, Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
    3. (c)Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
    4. (d)Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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    (a) Both, Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).

    Step-by-step solution →
16. Q116 CBSE 2026
    For Question number 24, ​two statements are given — ​one labelled as Assertion (A) ​and the other labelled as ​Reason (R). ​Select the correct answer ​to ​this question from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given ​below.

    Assertion (A): Carbon compounds can form chains, branched and ring structures.

    Reason (R): Carbon exhibits the property of catenation.

    1. (a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
    2. (b)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
    3. (c)Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
    4. (d)Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
    Show answer

    (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

    Step-by-step solution →
17. Q117 CBSE 2026
    For ​Question number ​24, two statements are given ​— one labelled as Assertion ​(A) ​and the other labelled as Reason (R). ​Select the correct answer to this question from the codes (a), (b), (c) ​and (d) as given ​below.

    Assertion (A): Carbon shows the property of catenation.

    Reason (R): C – C bond is weak due to its small size.

    1. (a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
    2. (b)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
    3. (c)Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
    4. (d)Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
    Show answer

    (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

    Step-by-step solution →
18. Q118 CBSE 2026
    For Question number 24, ​two ​statements are given — one labelled as ​Assertion ​(A) ​and the other labelled ​as Reason (R). Select the correct answer to this question from the codes (a), (b), ​(c) and (d) as given below.

    Assertion (A): Carbon shows the property of catenation.

    Reason (R): This is due to strong C – C bond.

    1. (a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
    2. (b)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
    3. (c)Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
    4. (d)Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
    Show answer

    (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

    Step-by-step solution →
19. Q119 CBSE 2026
    For Question number 24, two statements are given — one labelled as Assertion ​(A) and the ​other labelled as Reason (R). Select ​the correct answer to this question from the ​codes (a), ​(b), (c) ​and ​(d) ​as given below.

    Assertion (A): There are large number of compounds with many carbon atoms linked to each other.

    Reason (R): Carbon-Carbon bond is very strong and stable.

    1. (a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
    2. (b)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
    3. (c)Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
    4. (d)Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
    Show answer

    (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

    Step-by-step solution →
20. Q120 CBSE 2026
    A neutral organic compound ‘A’ (molecular formula ${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_6\text{O}$) reacts with acidified ${\text{K}}_2{\text{Cr}}_2{\text{O}}_7$ and on oxidation gives ​an acidic compound ‘B’. ​Compound ‘A’ ​reacts with compound ‘B’ ​on warming, in the presence of concentrated ${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4$ to give a sweet smelling substance ‘C’. What are ​A, B and ​C ​? Also ​write their structures.
    Show answer

    A is ethanol, B is ethanoic acid and C is the ester ethyl ethanoate, ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{COOC}}_2{\text{H}}_5$.

    A is ethanol, ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2\text{OH}$ (${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_5\text{OH}$); B is ethanoic acid (acetic acid), ${\text{CH}}_3\text{COOH}$; C is the sweet-smelling ester ethyl ethanoate (ethyl acetate), ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{COOC}}_2{\text{H}}_5$. Structures: A (ethanol) $$\begin{array}{ccccc}& \text{H}& & \text{H}& \\ & |& & |& \\ \text{H}-& \text{C}& -& \text{C}& -\text{O}-\text{H}\\ & |& & |& \\ & \text{H}& & \text{H}& \end{array}$$ B (ethanoic acid) $$\begin{array}{ccccc}& \text{H}& & \text{O}& \\ & |& & \Vert & \\ \text{H}-& \text{C}& -& \text{C}& -\text{O}-\text{H}\\ & |& & & \\ & \text{H}& & & \end{array}$$ C (ethyl ethanoate) $$\begin{array}{ccccccccc}& \text{H}& & \text{O}& & \text{H}& & \text{H}& \\ & |& & \Vert & & |& & |& \\ \text{H}-& \text{C}& -& \text{C}& -\text{O}-& \text{C}& -& \text{C}& -\text{H}\\ & |& & & & |& & |& \\ & \text{H}& & & & \text{H}& & \text{H}& \end{array}$$

    Step-by-step solution →