Chapter 4 · Carbon and its Compounds

NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Multiple Choice Questions

All 29 questions of NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Multiple Choice Questions (Carbon and its Compounds), in the book's order, each with its answer and a step-by-step solution.

1. Q1
   Carbon exists ​in the atmosphere ​in ​the ​form of

   1. (a)Carbon monoxide only
   2. (b)Carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide
   3. (c)Carbon dioxide only
   4. (d)Coal
   Show answer

   (b) Carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide

   Step-by-step solution →
2. Q2
   Which ​of the following ​statements ​are usually correct ​for carbon compounds? ​These

   1. (i)are good conductors of ​electricity
   2. (ii)are poor conductors of electricity
   3. (iii)​have strong forces of attraction between ​their molecules
   4. (iv)do not have strong forces of attraction between their molecules

   1. (a)(i) and (iii)
   2. (b)(ii) and (iii)
   3. (c)(i) and (iv)
   4. (d)(ii) and (iv)
   Show answer

   (d) (ii) and (iv)

   Step-by-step solution →
3. Q3
   A molecule ​of ammonia ​(${\text{NH}}_3$) ​has

   1. (a)Only single bonds
   2. (b)Only double bonds
   3. (c)Only triple bonds
   4. (d)Two double bonds and one single bond
   Show answer

   (a) Only single bonds

   Step-by-step solution →
4. Q4
   Buckminsterfullerene is ​an ​allotropic ​form ​of

   1. (a)Phosphorus
   2. (b)Sulphur
   3. (c)Carbon
   4. (d)Tin
   Show answer

   (c) Carbon

   Step-by-step solution →
5. Q5
   Which of the ​following are ​correct structural isomers ​of butane? ​The four structures (i), (ii), ​(iii) and (iv) are shown in ​the figure.

   1. (a)(i) and (iii)
   2. (b)(ii) and (iv)
   3. (c)(i) and (ii)
   4. (d)(iii) and (iv)
   Show answer

   (c) (i) and (ii)

   Step-by-step solution →
6. Q6
   In ​the reaction ${\text{CH}}_3-{\text{CH}}_2-\text{OH}\stackrel{\text{alkaline }{\text{KMnO}}_4+\text{Heat}}{\to }{\text{CH}}_3-\text{COOH}$, ​alkaline ${\text{KMnO}}_4$ acts as

   1. (a)Reducing agent
   2. (b)Oxidising agent
   3. (c)Catalyst
   4. (d)Dehydrating agent
   Show answer

   (b) Oxidising agent

   Step-by-step solution →
7. Q7
   Oils ​on treating ​with hydrogen in the ​presence of ​palladium or nickel catalyst form fats. This is ​an ​example of

   1. (a)Addition reaction
   2. (b)Substitution reaction
   3. (c)Displacement reaction
   4. (d)Oxidation reaction
   Show answer

   (a) Addition reaction

   Step-by-step solution →
8. Q8
   In ​which ​of ​the ​following ​compounds, $-\text{OH}$ is ​the functional ​group?

   1. (a)Butanone
   2. (b)Butanol
   3. (c)Butanoic acid
   4. (d)Butanal
   Show answer

   (b) Butanol

   Step-by-step solution →
9. Q9
   The soap molecule has a

   1. (a)Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
   2. (b)Hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail
   3. (c)Hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail
   4. (d)Hydrophilic head and a hydrophilic tail
   Show answer

   (a) Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail

   Step-by-step solution →
10. Q10
    Which ​of the following is ​the correct ​representation ​of electron dot structure of nitrogen? ​The four structures ​are ​shown in ​the figure.

    1. (a)One shared pair of dots between the two nitrogen atoms, with two further pairs on each atom
    2. (b)Two shared pairs between the atoms, with one lone pair and one single dot on each atom
    3. (c)Three dots between the atoms, two pairs on the left atom, and one pair and one single dot on the right atom
    4. (d)Three shared pairs between the atoms, with one lone pair on each atom
    Show answer

    (d) Three shared pairs between the atoms, with one lone pair on each atom

    Step-by-step solution →
11. Q11
    Structural formula of ethyne is

    1. (a)$\text{H}-\text{C}\equiv \text{C}-\text{H}$
    2. (b)${\text{H}}_3-\text{C}\equiv \text{C}-\text{H}$
    3. (c)${\text{H}}_2\text{C}={\text{CH}}_2$, drawn with two hydrogen atoms on each carbon and a double bond between them
    4. (d)${\text{H}}_3\text{C}-{\text{CH}}_3$, drawn with three hydrogen atoms on each carbon and a single bond between them
    Show answer

    (a) $\text{H}-\text{C}\equiv \text{C}-\text{H}$

    Step-by-step solution →
12. Q12
    Identify ​the unsaturated compounds ​from the ​following

    1. (i)​Propane
    2. (ii)​Propene
    3. (iii)​Propyne
    4. (iv)Chloropropane

    1. (a)(i) and (ii)
    2. (b)(ii) and (iv)
    3. (c)(iii) and (iv)
    4. (d)(ii) and (iii)
    Show answer

    (d) (ii) and (iii)

    Step-by-step solution →
13. Q13
    Chlorine reacts ​with ​saturated hydrocarbons ​at ​room ​temperature in ​the

    1. (a)Absence of sunlight
    2. (b)Presence of sunlight
    3. (c)Presence of water
    4. (d)Presence of hydrochloric acid
    Show answer

    (b) Presence of sunlight

    Step-by-step solution →
14. Q14
    In the soap micelles

    1. (a)The ionic end of soap is on the surface of the cluster while the carbon chain is in the interior of the cluster
    2. (b)Ionic end of soap is in the interior of the cluster and the carbon chain is out of the cluster
    3. (c)Both ionic end and carbon chain are in the interior of the cluster
    4. (d)Both ionic end and carbon chain are on the exterior of the cluster
    Show answer

    (a) The ionic end of soap is on the surface of the cluster while the carbon chain is in the interior of the cluster

    Step-by-step solution →
15. Q15
    Pentane ​has ​the ​molecular ​formula ${\text{C}}_5{\text{H}}_{12}$. It ​has

    1. (a)5 covalent bonds
    2. (b)12 covalent bonds
    3. (c)16 covalent bonds
    4. (d)17 covalent bonds
    Show answer

    (c) 16 covalent bonds

    Step-by-step solution →
16. Q16
    Structural ​formula of ​benzene ​is ​(see the four ring structures in ​the ​figure)

    1. (a)A six-carbon ring in which one carbon carries two double bonds and no hydrogen, one carbon carries two hydrogen atoms, and a third double bond lies elsewhere in the ring
    2. (b)A six-carbon ring with only single bonds, every carbon carrying two hydrogen atoms
    3. (c)A six-carbon ring with three double bonds placed alternately, every carbon carrying one hydrogen atom
    4. (d)A six-carbon ring with two double bonds, four carbons carrying one hydrogen atom and two carbons carrying two
    Show answer

    (c) A six-carbon ring with three double bonds placed alternately, every carbon carrying one hydrogen atom

    Step-by-step solution →
17. Q17
    Ethanol ​reacts ​with ​sodium ​and ​forms two products. ​These are

    1. (a)Sodium ethanoate and hydrogen
    2. (b)Sodium ethanoate and oxygen
    3. (c)Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen
    4. (d)Sodium ethoxide and oxygen
    Show answer

    (c) Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen

    Step-by-step solution →
18. Q18
    The correct ​structural formula of ​butanoic ​acid ​is ​(see the four ​structures in the figure)

    1. (a)A four-carbon chain carrying a carbon–carbon double bond between the second and third carbons and ending in $-\text{COOH}$
    2. (b)A five-carbon chain ending in $-\text{COOH}$, with the last carbon drawn carrying an extra hydrogen as well
    3. (c)A four-carbon chain in which every carbon carries two hydrogen atoms and the chain ends in $-\text{OH}$, with no carbon–oxygen double bond
    4. (d)A four-carbon chain with only single carbon–carbon bonds, ending in $-\text{COOH}$
    Show answer

    (d) A four-carbon chain with only single carbon–carbon bonds, ending in $-\text{COOH}$

    Step-by-step solution →
19. Q19
    Vinegar is a solution of

    1. (a)50% – 60% acetic acid in alcohol
    2. (b)5% – 8% acetic acid in alcohol
    3. (c)5% – 8% acetic acid in water
    4. (d)50% – 60% acetic acid in water
    Show answer

    (c) 5% – 8% acetic acid in water

    Step-by-step solution →
20. Q20
    Mineral ​acids are stronger ​acids ​than ​carboxylic acids because

    1. (i)mineral ​acids are ​completely ionised
    2. (ii)carboxylic acids are completely ionised
    3. (iii)mineral acids are partially ionised
    4. (iv)carboxylic ​acids ​are partially ionised

    1. (a)(i) and (iv)
    2. (b)(ii) and (iii)
    3. (c)(i) and (ii)
    4. (d)(iii) and (iv)
    Show answer

    (a) (i) and (iv)

    Step-by-step solution →
21. Q21
    Carbon forms four ​covalent bonds ​by sharing its four valence ​electrons with four univalent ​atoms, e.g. hydrogen. ​After the formation of four ​bonds, carbon attains ​the electronic ​configuration of

    1. (a)Helium
    2. (b)Neon
    3. (c)Argon
    4. (d)Krypton
    Show answer

    (b) Neon

    Step-by-step solution →
22. Q22
    The correct electron ​dot ​structure ​of a ​water ​molecule ​is (see the ​four structures in the figure)

    1. (a)A single dot between each hydrogen and the oxygen, with a pair of dots above the oxygen and a pair below it
    2. (b)A pair of dots between the left hydrogen and the oxygen, a single dot between the oxygen and the right hydrogen, and a pair of dots above the oxygen and a pair below it
    3. (c)A pair of dots between the oxygen and each hydrogen, with a pair of dots above the oxygen and a pair below it
    4. (d)A pair of dots between the oxygen and each hydrogen, and no other dots at all
    Show answer

    (c) A pair of dots between the oxygen and each hydrogen, with a pair of dots above the oxygen and a pair below it

    Step-by-step solution →
23. Q23
    Which ​of ​the ​following is not ​a straight ​chain ​hydrocarbon?

    1. (a)${\text{H}}_3\text{C}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2$ with a ${\text{CH}}_3$ written below the last ${\text{CH}}_2$
    2. (b)${\text{H}}_3\text{C}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_3$
    3. (c)${\text{H}}_2\text{C}-{\text{H}}_2\text{C}-{\text{H}}_2\text{C}-{\text{CH}}_2$ with a ${\text{CH}}_3$ written above the first carbon and another ${\text{CH}}_3$ below the last
    4. (d)$({\text{CH}}_3)({\text{H}}_3\text{C})\text{CH}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_3$, that is two methyl groups on the same carbon at one end
    Show answer

    (d) $({\text{CH}}_3)({\text{H}}_3\text{C})\text{CH}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_3$, that is two methyl groups on the same carbon at one end

    Step-by-step solution →
24. Q24
    Which ​among ​the ​following ​are unsaturated ​hydrocarbons?

    1. (i)${\text{H}}_3\text{C}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_3$
    2. (ii)${\text{H}}_3\text{C}-\text{C}\equiv \text{C}-{\text{CH}}_3$
    3. (iii)${\text{H}}_3\text{C}-\text{CH}({\text{CH}}_3)-{\text{CH}}_3$
    4. (iv)${\text{H}}_3\text{C}-\text{C}({\text{CH}}_3)={\text{CH}}_2$

    1. (a)(i) and (iii)
    2. (b)(ii) and (iii)
    3. (c)(ii) and (iv)
    4. (d)(iii) and (iv)
    Show answer

    (c) (ii) and (iv)

    Step-by-step solution →
25. Q25
    Which ​of the following ​does ​not ​belong ​to the same ​homologous series?

    1. (a)${\text{CH}}_4$
    2. (b)${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_6$
    3. (c)${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8$
    4. (d)${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_8$
    Show answer

    (d) ${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_8$

    Step-by-step solution →
26. Q26
    The ​name ​of ​the ​compound ${\text{CH}}_3-{\text{CH}}_2-\text{CHO}$ ​is

    1. (a)Propanal
    2. (b)Propanone
    3. (c)Ethanol
    4. (d)Ethanal
    Show answer

    (a) Propanal

    Step-by-step solution →
27. Q27
    The ​heteroatoms ​present ​in ${\text{CH}}_3-{\text{CH}}_2-\text{O}-{\text{CH}}_2-{\text{CH}}_2\text{Cl}$ are

    1. (i)​oxygen
    2. (ii)carbon
    3. (iii)​hydrogen
    4. (iv)​chlorine

    1. (a)(i) and (ii)
    2. (b)(ii) and (iii)
    3. (c)(iii) and (iv)
    4. (d)(i) and (iv)
    Show answer

    (d) (i) and (iv)

    Step-by-step solution →
28. Q28
    Which of ​the ​following represents saponification ​reaction?

    1. (a)${\text{CH}}_3\text{COONa}+\text{NaOH}\stackrel{\text{CaO}}{\to }{\text{CH}}_4+{\text{Na}}_2{\text{CO}}_3$
    2. (b)${\text{CH}}_3\text{COOH}+{\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_5\text{OH}\stackrel{{\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4}{\to }{\text{CH}}_3{\text{COOC}}_2{\text{H}}_5+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}$
    3. (c)$2{\text{CH}}_3\text{COOH}+2\text{Na}\to 2{\text{CH}}_3\text{COONa}+{\text{H}}_2$
    4. (d)${\text{CH}}_3{\text{COOC}}_2{\text{H}}_5+\text{NaOH}\to {\text{CH}}_3\text{COONa}+{\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_5\text{OH}$
    Show answer

    (d) ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{COOC}}_2{\text{H}}_5+\text{NaOH}\to {\text{CH}}_3\text{COONa}+{\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_5\text{OH}$

    Step-by-step solution →
29. Q29
    The ​first member ​of ​alkyne ​homologous series ​is

    1. (a)Ethyne
    2. (b)Ethene
    3. (c)Propyne
    4. (d)Methane
    Show answer

    (a) Ethyne

    Step-by-step solution →