CBSE Class 10 Science 2020 · Paper 31/C/3 · Question 26
(a) Name the hormone secreted by
- (i)Pituitary, and
- (ii)Thyroid stating one main function of each. Name the disorder a person is likely to suffer from due to the deficiency of the above mentioned hormones. (b) How is the timing and amount of hormone released regulated ? Explain with an example.
Answer
Pituitary: growth hormone (dwarfism); thyroid: thyroxin (goitre); hormone release is regulated by feedback, e.g. insulin rises and falls with blood sugar.
(a) (i) The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone, which regulates the growth and development of the body (it stimulates growth in all organs). A deficiency of growth hormone in childhood causes dwarfism. (ii) The thyroid gland secretes thyroxin, which regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body to provide the best balance for growth. Iodine is needed to make thyroxin, so when the diet lacks iodine, too little thyroxin is made and the person suffers from goitre, a swollen neck caused by an enlarged thyroid gland. (b) The timing and amount of hormone released are regulated by feedback mechanisms. Example: when the sugar level in the blood rises, it is detected by the cells of the pancreas, which respond by producing more insulin; as the blood sugar level falls, insulin secretion is reduced.
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