CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 · Paper 31/4/3 · Question 25

An ecosystem is made up of all the interacting living organisms of an area together with the non-living parts of their environment. A garden has both: producers (grasses, trees, flowering plants), consumers (insects, frogs, birds) and decomposers (bacteria and fungi of the soil), along with soil, water, air, sunlight and temperature. These interact: plants make food using sunlight, animals feed on the plants, and decomposers return nutrients to the soil for the plants to use again. So although it is made and looked after by people, a garden is an ecosystem, a human-made (artificial) one.