CBSE Class 10 Science 2018 · Paper 31(B) · Question 13
State the principle of an electric motor and write the role of split rings in it. Write the energy transformations that takes place when an electric motor works.
Answer
A motor works on the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field; split rings reverse the current; electrical energy becomes mechanical.
Principle: an electric motor works on the principle that a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field experiences a force. The two arms of the coil carry currents in opposite directions, so they are pushed in opposite directions and the coil rotates.
Role of the split rings: they act as a commutator, reversing the direction of the current through the coil (armature) after every half rotation, so that the coil keeps rotating in the same direction.
Energy transformation: electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy.
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