CBSE Class 10 Science 2017 · Paper 31/2/1 · Question 13

Contraception is the deliberate use of methods or devices to prevent pregnancy. Two methods: (1) the barrier method, such as a condom, which stops the sperm from reaching the egg; (2) oral contraceptive pills, which change the hormonal balance so that eggs are not released. (Others: a Copper-T or loop placed in the uterus; surgical methods such as vasectomy and tubectomy.) Effects on the health and prosperity of a family: 1. Births can be spaced and the number of children limited, which protects the mother's health, since each pregnancy makes major demands on her body and mind. 2. Condoms also help prevent the transmission of many sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV-AIDS, gonorrhoea and syphilis, keeping the family healthier. 3. A smaller family can give each child better food, education and health care with the same income, which raises the family's standard of living.