CBSE Class 10 Science 2019 · Paper 31/3/3 · Question 16

(a) Hydrocarbons are compounds made up of carbon and hydrogen only. Example: methane, ${\text{CH}}_4$. (b) Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds between their carbon atoms, e.g. ethane (${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_6$) and propane (${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8$). Unsaturated hydrocarbons have at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms, e.g. ethene (${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_4$, with $\text{C}=\text{C}$) and ethyne (${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_2$, with $\text{C}\equiv \text{C}$). (c) (i) Methanol (methyl alcohol); (ii) Ethanal (acetaldehyde); (iii) Propanone (acetone); (iv) Ethanoic acid (acetic acid).