CBSE Class 10 Science 2020 · Paper 31/1/1 · Question 18(a)
A squirrel is in a scary situation. Its body has to prepare for either fighting or running away. State the immediate changes that take place in its body so that the squirrel is able to either fight or run?
Answer
Adrenaline makes the heart beat faster, diverts blood to the skeletal muscles and raises the breathing rate, preparing the squirrel to fight or run.
In the scary situation, the squirrel's adrenal glands secrete the hormone adrenaline directly into the blood. Adrenaline brings about these immediate changes:
(1) The heart beats faster, supplying more oxygen to the muscles.
(2) The blood supply to the digestive system and the skin is reduced, as the muscles around their small arteries contract, so more blood is diverted to the skeletal muscles.
(3) The breathing rate increases because of contractions of the diaphragm and the rib muscles.
Together these changes prepare the body to fight or to run.
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