CBSE Class 10 Science 2020 · Paper 31/4/2 · Question 30
- (a)State with reasons the mode of connecting all electrical appliances in common domestic electric circuits.
- (b)Which two separate circuits are often used in domestic electric circuits and why ?
- (c)When does an electric short circuit occur ? How can it be prevented ?
Answer
Appliances are in parallel, with separate 15 A and 5 A circuits; a short circuit (live touching neutral) is prevented by a fuse.
(a) Appliances are connected in parallel, because (any two): each gets the full mains voltage of V; each can be switched on or off independently; if one fails or is switched off, the others keep working.
(b) A A circuit for appliances of high power rating, such as geysers and air coolers, and a A circuit for bulbs, fans and similar appliances, because appliances of different power ratings draw very different currents.
(c) A short circuit occurs when the live and neutral wires come into direct contact, for example through damaged insulation or a faulty appliance, so the current rises abruptly (overloading). It is prevented by a fuse of proper rating in the live wire and by good-quality, well-insulated wiring.
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