CBSE Class 10 Science 2019 · Paper 31/5/3 · Question 9
“Nervous and hormonal systems together perform the function of control and coordination in human beings.” Justify the statement.
Answer
Nerves give fast, direct control and hormones slower, widespread control; the two are linked, so together they control and coordinate the body.
The nervous system gives direct and very quick control: a network of neurons carries electrical impulses to and from the brain and spinal cord, so that particular muscles and glands respond at once. The hormonal (endocrine) system gives indirect, slower but longer-lasting control: glands release hormones into the blood, which reach all organs and make them speed up or slow down according to the situation, as in growth and metabolism. The two systems are linked and complement each other: the brain, through the hypothalamus, controls the pituitary gland, and in an emergency nerve signals make the adrenal glands release adrenaline, which prepares the whole body to respond. Hence the nervous and hormonal systems together perform control and coordination.
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