CBSE Class 10 Science 2017 · Paper 31/1 · Question 34
Mention the essential material (chemicals) to prepare soap in the laboratory. Describe in brief the test of determining the nature (acidic/alkaline) of the reaction mixture of saponification reaction.
Answer
Vegetable oil, sodium hydroxide solution and common salt are needed; red litmus turning blue shows the mixture is alkaline.
Chemicals: a vegetable oil (or fat), sodium hydroxide solution (about 20%), and common salt (sodium chloride) to separate the soap, with water to dissolve the alkali. Test: dip red and blue litmus paper into a little of the reaction mixture; the red litmus turns blue and the blue litmus stays blue, so the mixture is alkaline (basic).
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