CBSE Class 10 Science 2022 · Paper 31(B)/5 · Question 8(b)

Carbon and its Compounds 3 marks Medium

(i)What are Structural Isomers ? Draw the structures of two isomers of butane $(C_{4} H_{10})$ .
(ii)Write the molecular formula of (i) cyclohexane, and (ii) benzene.

Answer

Structural isomers have the same formula but different structures: n-butane and isobutane; cyclohexane is $C_{6} H_{12}$ and benzene is $C_{6} H_{6}$ .

(i) Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures are called structural isomers. Butane,

C_{4} H_{10}

, has two: the straight-chain butane (n-butane),

CH_{3} - CH_{2} - CH_{2} - CH_{3}

, and the branched-chain isobutane (2-methylpropane),

CH_{3} - CH (CH_{3}) - CH_{3}

; both are drawn in full, with every hydrogen, in the figure. (ii) Cyclohexane:

C_{6} H_{12}

; benzene:

C_{6} H_{6}

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CBSE Class 10 Science 2022 · Paper 31(B)/5 · Question 8(b)

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