CBSE Class 10 Science 2020 · Paper 31/2/1 · Question 4
Answer question numbers 4(a) to 4(d) on the basis of your understanding of the following information and related studied concepts.
Thyroid gland is a bilobed structure situated in our neck region. It secretes a hormone called thyroxine. Iodine is necessary for the thyroid gland to make thyroxine. Thyroxine regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body. It promotes growth of body tissues also. When there is an excess of thyroxine in the body, a person suffers from hyperthyroidism and if this gland is underactive it results in hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is diagnosed by blood tests that measure the levels of thyroxine and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). Hypothyroidism is caused due to the deficiency of iodine in our diet resulting in a disease called goitre. Iodised salt can be included in our diet to control it.
- (a)Where is thyroid gland situated in our body ?[1]
- (b)State the function of thyroxine in human body.[1]
- (c)What is hyperthyroidism ?[1]
- (d)How can we control hypothyroidism ?[1]
Answer
The thyroid is in the neck; thyroxine regulates metabolism and growth; hyperthyroidism is excess thyroxine; iodised salt controls hypothyroidism.
(a) In the neck region; the thyroid is a bilobed gland in the neck.
(b) Thyroxine regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body, and it promotes the growth of body tissues.
(c) Hyperthyroidism is the condition caused by an excess of thyroxine in the body, when the thyroid gland is overactive.
(d) By including iodised salt in the diet, which supplies the iodine the thyroid gland needs to make thyroxine. Other relevant measures, such as eating food rich in iodine, also earn credit.
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