CBSE Class 10 Science 2018 · Paper 31(B)/C · Question 10
(a) Name the part of human brain which controls :
- (i)voluntary actions
- (ii)involuntary actions (b) State the significance of peripheral nervous system. Name the components of this nervous system and distinguish between their origins.
Answer
Fore-brain controls voluntary and medulla involuntary actions; the PNS links the CNS to the body via cranial nerves (brain) and spinal nerves (spinal cord).
(a) (i) Voluntary actions are controlled by the fore-brain, mainly the cerebrum.
(ii) Involuntary actions are controlled by the medulla (medulla oblongata) of the hind-brain; the mid-brain also controls some involuntary actions.
(b) Significance: the peripheral nervous system makes communication possible between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and all the other parts of the body. It carries messages from the receptors (sense organs) to the CNS, and instructions from the CNS to the muscles and glands.
Components: cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
Origins: cranial nerves arise from the brain ( pairs in humans), whereas spinal nerves arise from the spinal cord ( pairs).
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