CBSE Class 10 Science 2018 · Paper 31(B) · Question 4
Name the nuclear reaction by which nuclear energy is generated in a nuclear reactor. Write the name of the element which is used as a fuel in these reactors. List two advantages of using nuclear energy in place of fossil fuels.
Answer
Nuclear fission of uranium; it gives far more energy per unit fuel and causes less pollution than fossil fuels.
Reaction: nuclear fission, in which the nucleus of a heavy atom, bombarded with slow neutrons, splits into two lighter nuclei and releases a huge amount of energy.
Fuel: uranium (uranium-235).
Advantages over fossil fuels (any two):
1. A very small amount of fuel releases an enormous amount of energy.
2. Less pollution: no smoke, carbon dioxide or sulphur dioxide is given out while the power is generated.
3. So little fuel is needed that the power station need not be built near a coal or oil field; it can be set up away from its fuel source.
Other correct points, such as saving the limited reserves of coal and petroleum, also earn credit.
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