Chapter 9 · Heredity and Evolution

NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Multiple Choice Questions

All 25 questions of NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Multiple Choice Questions (Heredity and Evolution), in the book's order, each with its answer and a step-by-step solution.

1. Q1
   Exchange ​of ​genetic ​material ​takes ​place ​in

   1. (a)vegetative reproduction
   2. (b)asexual reproduction
   3. (c)sexual reproduction
   4. (d)budding
   Show answer

   (c) sexual reproduction

   Step-by-step solution →
2. Q2
   Two ​pink coloured flowers on crossing resulted in 1 ​red, 2 pink and ​1 white ​flower progeny. The ​nature of ​the ​cross will be

   1. (a)double fertilisation
   2. (b)self pollination
   3. (c)cross fertilisation
   4. (d)no fertilisation
   Show answer

   (b) self pollination

   Step-by-step solution →
3. Q3
   A cross between a tall plant ​(TT) and short ​pea plant (tt) resulted ​in progeny ​that were all ​tall ​plants ​because

   1. (a)tallness is the dominant trait
   2. (b)shortness is the dominant trait
   3. (c)tallness is the recessive trait
   4. (d)height of pea plant is not governed by gene ‘T’ or ‘t’
   Show answer

   (a) tallness is the dominant trait

   Step-by-step solution →
4. Q4
   Which ​of the ​following statement ​is ​incorrect?

   1. (a)For every hormone there is a gene.
   2. (b)For every protein there is a gene.
   3. (c)For production of every enzyme there is a gene.
   4. (d)For every molecule of fat there is a gene
   Show answer

   (d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene

   Step-by-step solution →
5. Q5
   If a round, green seeded pea ​plant (RR yy) is ​crossed with wrinkled, yellow ​seeded ​pea ​plant, (rr YY) the ​seeds produced in $F_1$ generation are

   1. (a)round and yellow
   2. (b)round and green
   3. (c)wrinkled and green
   4. (d)wrinkled and yellow
   Show answer

   (a) round and yellow

   Step-by-step solution →
6. Q6
   In human males all ​the chromosomes are ​paired ​perfectly except one. This/these unpaired ​chromosome ​is/are

   1. (i)large chromosome
   2. (ii)small chromosome
   3. (iii)Y-chromosome
   4. (iv)​X-chromosome

   1. (a)(i) and (ii)
   2. (b)(iii) only
   3. (c)(iii) and (iv)
   4. (d)(ii) and (iv)
   Show answer

   (c) (iii) and (iv)

   Step-by-step solution →
7. Q7
   The ​maleness ​of a ​child ​is determined by

   1. (a)the X chromosome in the zygote
   2. (b)the Y chromosome in zygote
   3. (c)the cytoplasm of germ cell which determines the sex
   4. (d)sex is determined by chance
   Show answer

   (b) the Y chromosome in zygote

   Step-by-step solution →
8. Q8
   A ​zygote ​which has ​an X-chromosome ​inherited ​from ​the father will ​develop into ​a

   1. (a)boy
   2. (b)girl
   3. (c)X- chromosome does not determine the sex of a child
   4. (d)either boy or girl
   Show answer

   (b) girl

   Step-by-step solution →
9. Q9
   Select the incorrect statement

   1. (a)Frequency of certain genes in a population change over several generations resulting in evolution
   2. (b)Reduction in weight of the organism due to starvation is genetically controlled
   3. (c)Low weight parents can have heavy weight progeny
   4. (d)Traits which are not inherited over generations do not cause evolution
   Show answer

   (b) Reduction in weight of the organism due to starvation is genetically controlled

   Step-by-step solution →
10. Q10
    New species ​may be formed ​if

    1. (i)DNA undergoes ​significant changes ​in germ cells
    2. (ii)​chromosome number changes ​in the gamete
    3. (iii)there is no change in ​the genetic material
    4. (iv)mating does not take place

    1. (a)(i) and (ii)
    2. (b)(i) and (iii)
    3. (c)(ii), (iii) and (iv)
    4. (d)(i), (ii) and (iii)
    Show answer

    (a) (i) and (ii)

    Step-by-step solution →
11. Q11
    Two pea plants ​one with round ​green seeds (RRyy) ​and another with wrinkled yellow (rrYY) seeds produce $F_1$ progeny that have round, yellow ​(RrYy) seeds. When $F_1$ plants are selfed, ​the $F_2$ progeny will have ​new combination of characters. Choose the new ​combination from the following

    1. (i)Round, yellow
    2. (ii)Round, green
    3. (iii)Wrinkled, yellow
    4. (iv)Wrinkled, ​green

    1. (a)(i) and (ii)
    2. (b)(i) and (iv)
    3. (c)(ii) and (iii)
    4. (d)(i) and (iii)
    Show answer

    (b) (i) and (iv)

    Step-by-step solution →
12. Q12
    A ​basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, ​radish and tomato. Which ​of ​them ​represent the correct homologous ​structures?

    1. (a)Carrot and potato
    2. (b)Carrot and tomato
    3. (c)Radish and carrot
    4. (d)Radish and potato
    Show answer

    (c) Radish and carrot

    Step-by-step solution →
13. Q13
    Select the correct statement

    1. (a)Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are homologous
    2. (b)Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are analogous
    3. (c)Wings of birds and limbs of lizards are analogous
    4. (d)Wings of birds and wings of bat are homologous
    Show answer

    (a) Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are homologous

    Step-by-step solution →
14. Q14
    If ​the fossil ​of an organism ​is ​found in the ​deeper layers ​of ​earth, then we can predict that

    1. (a)the extinction of organism has occurred recently
    2. (b)the extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago
    3. (c)the fossil position in the layers of earth is not related to its time of extinction
    4. (d)time of extinction cannot be determined
    Show answer

    (b) the extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago

    Step-by-step solution →
15. Q15
    Which of ​the following statements ​is not ​true with ​respect ​to variation?

    1. (a)All variations in a species have equal chance of survival
    2. (b)Change in genetic composition results in variation
    3. (c)Selection of variants by environmental factors forms the basis of evolutionary processes.
    4. (d)Variation is minimum in asexual reproduction
    Show answer

    (a) All variations in a species have equal chance of survival

    Step-by-step solution →
16. Q16
    A trait in ​an ​organism ​is influenced ​by

    1. (a)paternal DNA only
    2. (b)maternal DNA only
    3. (c)both maternal and paternal DNA
    4. (d)neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA
    Show answer

    (c) both maternal and paternal DNA

    Step-by-step solution →
17. Q17
    Select ​the group which ​shares ​maximum number ​of ​common ​characters

    1. (a)two individuals of a species
    2. (b)two species of a genus
    3. (c)two genera of a family
    4. (d)two genera of two families
    Show answer

    (a) two individuals of a species

    Step-by-step solution →
18. Q18
    According ​to ​the evolutionary ​theory, ​formation of a ​new ​species is generally ​due to

    1. (a)sudden creation by nature
    2. (b)accumulation of variations over several generations
    3. (c)clones formed during asexual reproduction
    4. (d)movement of individuals from one habitat to another
    Show answer

    (b) accumulation of variations over several generations

    Step-by-step solution →
19. Q19
    From the list ​given ​below, ​select ​the ​character which can be acquired ​but ​not inherited

    1. (a)colour of eye
    2. (b)colour of skin
    3. (c)size of body
    4. (d)nature of hair
    Show answer

    (c) size of body

    Step-by-step solution →
20. Q20
    The two versions of a ​trait ​(character) ​which ​are ​brought in by the male and female ​gametes ​are situated on

    1. (a)copies of the same chromosome
    2. (b)two different chromosomes
    3. (c)sex chromosomes
    4. (d)any chromosome
    Show answer

    (a) copies of the same chromosome

    Step-by-step solution →
21. Q21
    Select the statements that describe characteristics of genes

    1. (i)genes are ​specific sequence of ​bases in a DNA molecule
    2. (ii)a ​gene does not ​code for proteins
    3. (iii)in individuals of ​a given species, a specific gene is located on ​a particular ​chromosome
    4. (iv)each chromosome ​has only one gene

    1. (a)(i) and (ii)
    2. (b)(i) and (iii)
    3. (c)(i) and (iv)
    4. (d)(ii) and (iv)
    Show answer

    (b) (i) and (iii)

    Step-by-step solution →
22. Q22
    In ​peas, a pure ​tall plant ​(TT) is crossed with ​a ​short plant (tt). The ratio of ​pure ​tall plants to short plants in $F_2$ is

    1. (a)1 : 3
    2. (b)3 : 1
    3. (c)1 : 1
    4. (d)2 : 1
    Show answer

    (c) 1 : 1

    Step-by-step solution →
23. Q23
    The number ​of ​pair (s) ​of ​sex chromosomes in ​the zygote of ​humans ​is

    1. (a)one
    2. (b)two
    3. (c)three
    4. (d)four
    Show answer

    (a) one

    Step-by-step solution →
24. Q24
    The theory ​of ​evolution ​of ​species by natural ​selection was given ​by

    1. (a)Mendel
    2. (b)Darwin
    3. (c)Morgan
    4. (d)Lamarck
    Show answer

    (b) Darwin

    Step-by-step solution →
25. Q25
    Some dinosaurs ​had feathers ​although ​they ​could not fly but birds ​have feathers that help them ​to ​fly. In the context ​of evolution this means that

    1. (a)reptiles have evolved from birds
    2. (b)there is no evolutionary connection between reptiles and birds
    3. (c)feathers are homologous structures in both the organisms
    4. (d)birds have evolved from reptiles
    Show answer

    (d) birds have evolved from reptiles

    Step-by-step solution →