Chapter 11 · Electricity

NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 11 Intext Questions (Page 174)

All 3 questions of NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 11 Intext Questions (Page 174) — Electricity — in the book's order, each with its answer and a step-by-step solution.

1. Q1
   Name ​a device ​that ​helps to ​maintain ​a potential difference ​across ​a conductor.
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   An electric cell, or a battery of cells, maintains the potential difference.

   An electric cell — or a battery, which is a combination of two or more cells — maintains the potential difference across a conductor. The chemical action inside the cell generates a potential difference across its terminals and keeps it up while current is drawn, spending the chemical energy stored in the cell. Any other source of electrical energy, such as a d.c. power supply or a generator, does the same job.

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2. Q2
   What is ​meant by saying ​that ​the potential ​difference ​between two ​points is 1 ​V?
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   It means 1 joule of work is done in moving 1 coulomb of charge between the two points.

   It means that $1$ joule of work is done in moving a charge of $1$ coulomb from one of the two points to the other. In symbols, $V=W/Q$, so $1\text{V}=1\text{J}/1\text{C}=1{\text{J C}}^{-1}$: every coulomb that passes between those two points gains or loses one joule of energy.

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3. Q3
   How much energy is ​given to ​each ​coulomb ​of charge passing ​through a 6 ​V ​battery?
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   $W=VQ=6$ J: each coulomb passing through the 6 V battery is given 6 joule of energy.

   $W=VQ=6\text{V}\times 1\text{C}=6$ J. Each coulomb of charge passing through the $6$ V battery is given $6$ joule of energy — that is exactly what the rating of $6$ V means, since $1\text{V}=1{\text{J C}}^{-1}$.

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